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In Our running world, there are lots of problem issuing us. And one of the devastating issue known by every each of us is change in climate scratching our mind to diagnosis its problem. But in my opinion everyone of us has its role to handle it but actually no one is showing their responsibility to climate change.
Climate is friendly words for us. Climate can be defined as some expected weather and when there is a changes in expected weather we call it climate change. Climate change can be understand as opposite of expected weather. As we know climate differs over different time scales or different geographical scales.
Climate change, changing into mainly destruction to our natural weather unlike blessing. This is leading our climate into unpredictable condition which is actually going to suffer to us at long run. Our world temperature has been increasing or decreasing at unusual time since a very long time and scientist has proved that human activities are leading to this problem. So, all blame only goes human and its unnecessary creation because this type of creation produce a lot of harmful gases that acquire in the air and creates a new problem called 'Global Warming'. Global Warming literally means the increasing in the earth's average atmosphere temperature due to the greenhouse effect. Our average temperature has risen so rapidly that it is predicted to damage earth's ozone layer someday. This may lead us to unpredictable condition which neither thought about in the dreams. This not only rises our earth's average temperature but also causes many effects such as glacier melting, increases diseases like skin diseases, sun burn, malaria too, unusual water temperature, increase in drought, hurricanes, and so on.
READ MORE ABOUT FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE CHANGE
There are lots and lots of factors responding to climate change such as Air Pollution, excessive use of H2O,Deforestation, sewage, undegredable substance like polythene and so on:-(1) Air Pollution- There are so many pollution harming our environment due to silly mistaken done by us. For detail smoke produce by factories, industries, burning of polythene led harmful gases that harms our environment directly or indirectly. - Direct is the time when harmful gases produce from such condition enters our body and effects it directly and indirectly is the time when the harmful gases deposits in the ozone layer causing the depletion to it called global warming. This global warming is one of the major problem in our current situation because its causing one of the dangerous diseases i.e skin cancer.
(2) Deforestation- The major gas that needed by human being is 02 which is mainly produce by trees and plants. But nowadays we know there are lots of deforestation going on which can lead to big issue like decreasing in o2 percentage and increasing in co2. Due to this our world is facing a big problem which is also a great factor to climate change.
(3) Sewage- Industries, factories produces lots of an energy producing side products like sewage. Sewage actually means a solution or suspension flown away from factories. It contains some of the harmful bacteria and chemicals that can infect human beings, animals and environment too.
These all are the human activities responsing in the future. But there are also some other factors affecting to climate change naturally like: -
(1) Currents of ocean, sea.
(2) Distance from the sea or ocean.
(3) Winds.
(4) Proximity to the equator.
Life on earth exists only because of atmosphere. It is like a blanket around the Earth, protecting it from the sun and providing the necessary conditions in which animals and plants can live. It is basically a blanket of air wrapped around the earth. This air is a mixture of two gases, Nitrogen (four-fifth) and Oxygen (one-fifth).
The atmosphere is made up of five main layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the thermosphere, the mesosphere and the exosphere. The air gets thinner as you go higher, which is why climbers usually take oxygen with them when climbing high mountains. The troposphere is the only layer in which living things can breathe normally. Now let us go in detail about each of the layers. Exosphere is the top layer of the atmosphere and sits about 560 miles above earth. The air is very thin and gas molecules are constantly exiting into space. The thermosphere on the other hand sits about 280 miles above the earth. It is the hottest layer, as the few air molecules absorb radiation coming from the Sun. The Mesosphere is about 50 miles above the ground. It is very cold here with temperatures less than -150 degree Celsius. The lower part is warmer because it picks up heat from the stratosphere just below. Stratosphere is up to about 30 miles above the ground. The temperature in this layer warms from above -76 degree Celsius at the bottom to just above freezing at the top. It contains Ozone, a gas that absorbs harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. Finally the last one, Troposphere. Here the weather conditions happen in the bottom layer of the atmosphere. This layer stretches up 12 miles from the ground at the equator and about 6 miles at the poles.
The atmosphere not only provides us with oxygen to breathe. It shields us from the Sun’s harmful rays. Some of these are reflected are reflected by various layers such as the stratosphere and the clouds. Other rays have their energy absorbed and spread out through the atmosphere. The gas ozone occurs thinly in the stratosphere and absorbs most of the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet rays.
1) Historical and archaeological evidence
Climate change can be detected by monitoring the changes in agricultural patterns as well as settlement.Various civilizations have collapsed due to to the effects of climate change.
2)Vegetation
Due to change in climate, there is a change in the type and distribution of vegetation. Faster changes however, may have caused desertification in certain ares.
3)Ice Cores
The study of ice drilled from the depths of the antarctic continent can be used to show the connection between temperature and var
iation in sea level. The air trapped in the bubbles in the ice can be used to find the CO2 concentration of the air and can be compared with the present concentration to note its rise.
4)Glaciers
Glaciers can be considered be the most concrete evidences of climate change.Glacier retreats leave behind moraines that consist of organic matter that can be accurately dated. This study gives us the proof that glaciers certainly are retreating. Moreover, photographic evidences to prove this phenomena are also available.
5)Study Of Tree Rings
The study of tree rings, also known as Dendroclimatology, is the analysis of tree ring growth to determine the climate variations in the past. Wide and thick rings indicate a period with adequate water as narrow rings indicate a period with low rainfall and harsh growing conditions.
2)Vegetation
Due to change in climate, there is a change in the type and distribution of vegetation. Faster changes however, may have caused desertification in certain ares.
3)Ice Cores
The study of ice drilled from the depths of the antarctic continent can be used to show the connection between temperature and var
iation in sea level. The air trapped in the bubbles in the ice can be used to find the CO2 concentration of the air and can be compared with the present concentration to note its rise.4)Glaciers
Glaciers can be considered be the most concrete evidences of climate change.Glacier retreats leave behind moraines that consist of organic matter that can be accurately dated. This study gives us the proof that glaciers certainly are retreating. Moreover, photographic evidences to prove this phenomena are also available.
5)Study Of Tree Rings
The study of tree rings, also known as Dendroclimatology, is the analysis of tree ring growth to determine the climate variations in the past. Wide and thick rings indicate a period with adequate water as narrow rings indicate a period with low rainfall and harsh growing conditions.
After four years of making a comprehensive study of the world's major ecosystems, a group of scholars and environmental leaders, who were part of a study called the Millennium Ecosystems Assessment (MA) - published their first report. Some of the conclusions they reached follow : "During the past half century, the growing demand for food, freshwater, timber fiber and fuel has caused unprecedented changes in earth's ecosystem, straining earth's ability to sustain future generations."
Earth's natural ability to pollinate crops, provide air conditioning by wild plants and recycle nutrients by the oceans is being overtaxed. The planet is also at the edge of a missive wave of species extinction.
Can planet earth be saved? The answer is a resounding yes! As caretakers of God's creation, we should do our best to respect the environment. However only through divine intervention will the ecosystems be brought back into balance.
Conservation for climate change means conserving the natural resources. Both climate and nature are interrelated because if our nature is good then only our climate can be better. So natural recources needs to view their consumption and utilization. Absolute conservation encompasses the quantity and quality of resources such as air water, land, forest, mineral without their declination. The concept of maintaining natural resources in the same quantity and quality is an absolute conservation approach. It is very amiable and critically necessary to follow practicable methods of the natural resources conservation in order to keep the climate humid on balanced.
The concept accepts the thinking that the consumption utilization and conservation are to be integrated. It is very essential to keep the idea of the necessity of natural resources in the future alert in our mind, while on the contrary, we humans are showing the greedy and in generous behaviour towards the nature by over-exploiting the resources to fulfil our needs. The role of human beings in the conservation and management of natural resources is the most vital. Ultimately this helps to secure or protect natural resources. "Human beings should act as a conservationist but not as an exploiter of natural resources.Some of the activities related to natural conservation are:
1) Conservation Programme:
2) Government agency:
3) National and international agency
4) Non - government agency
5) Educational institution
6) Law
Before understanding about the climate change around us, we have to know the basic knowledge about the climate and how it has started. Our mother planet(Earth) receive some sort of energy from the Sun which regulates the climate all over the earth. Our earth's climate not only change due to effect of sun but also from the energy that comes within from the earth viz. the atmosphere, the oceans, biospheres, geosphere, land, Ice living organisms which indirectly ulters the heat around the surface of earth.
The atmosphere which plays a great role in the
earth's climate. The atmosphere contains a variety of gases like oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and so on. But as a days are passing the harmful gases like methane, carbon dioxide are forming in the air along and decreasing the amount of natural gases which is known as greenhouse effect. These harmful gases has a large effects on the energy that regulates the climate of the earth because the greenhouse effect traps a lot of heat in the atmosphere and unable these harmful gases to get of the atmosphere keeping the earth warmer.The cryosphere such as ice sheets, glacier, sea ice, and so on have a lot significant impact on our earth as it being white reflects the sunlight rays but due to global warming it is melting in a great speed and defecting to absorb the heat. So, without the cryosphere our earth would be more warmer as it traps the heat and would not reflect any heat and consequently increasing the earth temperature.
We are very unlikely to see how climate deal in any time closer because the world still hasn't matured enough when global interest are staking. The lack of political will and the differences between the countries has showed that our civilization is not as advanced as many think it is. Humanity has failed to prove itself, benevolent by making the climate impossible to line with.
The science pleads to us to stop emitting much greenhouse gases, they show us various reports regarding climate change in form of ice-melting, animal disappearing, drought and so on. Then we finally observe some weak public support which ends with a false political promise about the neccesity of urgent action.
The science pleads to us to stop emitting much greenhouse gases, they show us various reports regarding climate change in form of ice-melting, animal disappearing, drought and so on. Then we finally observe some weak public support which ends with a false political promise about the neccesity of urgent action.
It is fact that political action can change the rules and laws relate to the climate change such as emission limits of greenhouse effects, tax incentives and so on. Political action is so important around us therefore, it can catch its attention against media and public too.
A large number of people has gather together to combat against climate change and its effect. NGOs(Non- governmental organisations) from different
countries have arrived for the issue of climate change. 50 countries from all around the world has create a program called 'stop climate chaos' launched in Britain which is based on climate change issue. Such campaign are created to focus purely into issue of climate change and to pressurize the government for the climate change movement.
The year 2007 was a terrific year for most of the country . Almost each country suffered from weather related disasters for which the United Nations Office for the allocating of Humanitarian Affairs issued 14 exigency petition-3. Listed below are some of the disasters that took place in 2007. Keeping in mind, of course, the individual actions are not necessarily attested in a long-term drift.
- England and Wales : About 350,000 people suffered disaster which has never been in over 60 years. Both England and Wales suffered a great disaster in May to July.
- Lesotho : It was a terrific year for Lesotho. Drought and rising temperature destroyed a lot of crops. About 553,000 people required food aid.
- Sudan : Heavy rains caused 150,000 people shelterless. More than 500,000 received aid.
- Madagascar : Heavy rains, cyclones and other hazards caused 33,000 people suffered and 260,000 crops destroyed.
- North Korea : Around 960,000 people were badly hit by widespread landslides, and mud slides.
- Bangladesh : 8.5 million people were affected by flood and killed more than 3,000 as well as 1.25 million farm animals. Nearly 1.5 million homes were either damaged or destroyed.
- India : 30 million people were injured by flood.
- Bolivia : More than 350,000 were effected by floods displacing 25,000 .
- Mexico : Unbelievable floods at least lead 500,000 homeless and effected more than a million.
- United States : Fires across tinder-dry southern California lead 500,000 residents to flee from their homes.
- Dominican Republic: Heavy rainfall caused floods and landslides, leading 65,000 displaced.
- Pakistan : Cyclones lead 377,000 people homeless and hundreds of dead.
The Earth's surface is changing all the time, these changes are caused by wind, wind and ice and are so gradual that we fail to notice them. Tiny rivulets flowing down from the top of the mountains join with others and soon turned into fast flowing rivers. These rivuletes and rivers varry away with them, rocks and the upper layers of soil, some even cut into the sides of mountains that they flow through. The rock and soil carried away is then deposited in the deltas and the seas. Rain water seeps into the ground and cuts away under the surface thus forming underground tunnels. On the desert-front strong gusts o f wind form sand dunes and constantly blow sand onto rocky surfaces thus gradually cutting them into new shapes. On the higher altitudes water seeps into crackes in rocks and freezes. As it freezes, it expands, thus splitting the rocks.
As we know, climate change is increasing in so rapid rate that it is nearly impossible to fight against its harm, according to scientist and other intelligence individual action is needed to stop its further defection. Individual action is one of the most essential and effective method to fight against climate change.
- Carbon diet is one the effective way to know how climate change has effect the environment and to understand some action to diagnosis its impact.
- Low carbon diet is another way to reduce the climate change impact by choosing the food which effect the climate much less.
- Using Vehicles that does not emits co2. Running, bicycle is least impactful mode of transportation that will help our climate to free from carbon dioxide.
- Using mostly non - animal products because animal products produces more greenhouse gases. According to the some intelligence it is known that animal products cause more effects on climate than burning fuels.
- Using Vehicles that gives more mileage because these cars produce less carbon dioxide than vehicle giving less mileage.
- Using wind energy is the most efficient method to produce electricity because it produce less amount of harmful gases actually negligible amount of gases. Nowadays, it is being used in various european countries like Denmark, Spain, Italy and so on.
- Planting trees is one of the famous method to control the climate. Planting trees helps to remove the carbon dioxide as the grown trees sucks up the air co2. There are many places where plants can be grown such as in places like road ways, parks, forests, public gardens, yards and so on. And buying non-old growth paper is better for our climate and as well as for forests.
- We can see the star label in modern appliances like washing machine, geyeser, household appliances, office equipment, heating and cooling equipment, lights, kitchen appliance and so on. This star label is meant for the less consumption of energy.
Historical records is one the necessity for reconstruct of climate so historical records have been used to reconstruct climates back to thousand years. Historical data can be observe in 3 major categories. Firstly, there are some observations of weather phenomena per sa, i.e the timing and frequency of frosts, or the snowfall occurence. Secondly, there are another observation of weather-dependent environment phenomena i.e drought, floods, and other climate base problems. Finally, there are phenological observation of weather-dependent biological phenomena i.e the migration of birds, the flowering of trees.
Some major sources of historical palaeclimate information include: ancient inscriptions; annals and chronicles; government recors; fragmented olden instrumental records; diaries and correspondence; scientific or quasi-scientific writings and so on.
There could be a lot of difficulties using these kinds of information. First, to understand what the author actually meant in describing the particular event. How "severe" frost could actually be severe? What does drought precisely means? A standard historical technique has been used assess, in quantitative terms.
Secondly, the account's reliability has to be assessed. It is compulsory to check whether the author has direct evidence on the meteorological events. Thirdly, it is necessary to consult about the date and information exactly accurately. This involves whether the event is a localised occurrence or can its spatial event be explained by preference to other source.
Finally, the data should be with all proxy records, interrelated against recent events and cross reference with data of instrument. This can be done by measuring through indices, which is directly related with analogous records derived from instrument data.
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